Date: Jan 29, 2019 Source: The Daily Star ‘Food is a weapon’: Fight over Yemen granary tests truce Anuj Chopra| Agence France Presse HODEIDA, Yemen: Gunshots reverberate through a battle-scarred granary in the port city of Hodeida, where a mountain of grain meant for starving Yemenis remains inaccessible as a hard-won cease-fire comes under strain. The Red Sea Mills, one of the last positions seized by Saudi and Emirati-backed forces before last month’s U.N.-brokered truce, holds wheat that could feed nearly 4 million people for a month in a country on the brink of famine. But the facility, a shrapnel-pocked symbol of how controlling food is a weapon in Yemen’s war, has remained off-limits to aid organizations since September as skirmishes shake the fragile cease-fire agreed with Houthi rebels during talks in Sweden. The site, on Hodeida’s eastern edges, was rigged heavily with mines when it slipped from Houthi control in November. Last week, during a military embed organized by the Arab coalition, AFP saw government loyalists including Sudanese soldiers scouring the vast complex with metal detectors amid fears that rebels were sneaking in to plant new booby traps. Sudan is a member of the Arab coalition. A column of smoke snaked into the sky from Houthi positions less than 2 kilometers away, with loyalists saying the rebels were burning tires in a provocative move. Then, a volley of close-range gunshots crackled through the complex. It was not possible to tell who was firing. “We are committed to the truce ... but the enemy has not committed to anything as you can see and hear,” Yemeni commander Mohammed Salman said. Just after the tour, the U.N. Friday reported apparent mortar shelling at the mill had started a fire that left two food silos damaged. “The loss of this wheat comes at a terrible time,” the U.N.’s humanitarian coordinator Lise Grande said. “More than 20 million Yemenis, nearly 70 percent of the entire population, are hungry.” ‘Red line’In Hodeida, the entry point for more than two-thirds of Yemen’s food imports and international aid, the choices are stark - either an imperfect truce with violations on both sides or all-out fighting that could unleash famine. The cease-fire came after Western nations pressed Riyadh to end its four-year military campaign in Yemen following the murder of Saudi critic and journalist Jamal Khashoggi in Istanbul. But with recurring breaches, observers warn its collapse could be just a matter of time. “If it is allowed to break down, there will be no opportunity for a similar deal for a long time,” the International Crisis Group said. Inside Hodeida, a city rippling with tension as the war-wounded continue to trickle into hospitals, a common refrain among civilians and military officials is “mafi hudna” - Arabic for “no truce.” Colonel Saeed Salmeen, an Emirati commander on Yemen’s west coast, told AFP his men were committed to the cease-fire but were “always ready” for battle. He warned Yemen’s west coast road - a key supply route linking the south to Hodeida - was a “red line.” U.N. Secretary-General Antonio Guterres said on Jan. 7 that neither side had tried to gain new territory since the cease-fire. But an agreed redeployment of rival forces from Hodeida, a key confidence-building measure, has not happened. ‘Food is a weapon’“How long can the international community accept this Houthi game - cease-fire, regroup, cease-fire, regroup?” a member of the coalition told AFP, requesting anonymity. “Only when you catch them by the neck will they come to the negotiating table.” The sentiment was echoed by other pro-government troops who insisted to AFP that military action was the only solution. The truce has given the World Food Programme “some breathing room” to reach districts in southern Hodeida previously inaccessible due to fighting, its country director Stephen Anderson told AFP. However, 51,000 metric tons of wheat - one quarter of WFP’s flour-milling capacity in Yemen - remains locked away in the Red Sea Mills. The WFP has been trying to get access “to see for ourselves the scale of the damage” after the fire, a spokesman said, adding one of the damaged silos held about 4,500 tons of WFP wheat. For starving Yemenis on both sides of the conflict the lack of access is collective punishment. Salman, the Yemeni commander with the coalition, alleged that the Houthis hoarded grain, creating artificial shortages and exacerbating famine-like conditions. When the Houthis controlled the mill, they accused the Arab coalition of destroying food with indiscriminate airstrikes. The mills are “being used in the most Machiavellian ways by all warring parties to achieve political goals,” said Wesam Qaid, executive director of Yemeni development organization SMEPS. “Whoever controls such facilities will have greater say on who gets fed. Food is a weapon.”